Strategic Cyberbullying and the Reorganisation of Political Culture: Interfacial Refrains, Affective Circulation and @RealDonaldTrump

PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES DONALD TRUMP ENGAGES IN ONGOING TWITTER-ATTACKS ON (PERCEIVED) POLITICAL OPPONENTS SUCH AS NAMED POLITICIANS, CELEBRITIES, NEWS CHANNELS AND NAMED JOURNALISTS. IN JUNE 2015 THE NEW YORK TIMES BEGAN TO COMPILE A LIST OF TRUMP’S INSULTS ON TWITTER. BY JANUARY 2020 THE LIST COMPILES THE “598 PEOPLE, PLACES AND THINGS DONALD TRUMP HAS INSULTED ON TWITTER”. IN THIS ARTICLE, WE MAKE USE OF THIS LIST AS AN ARCHIVE OF CONDENSED AFFECTIVE EXPRESSIONS THAT ALLOW US TO ANALYSE THE WAYS IN WHICH TRUMP USES TWITTER TO MOBILISE POLITICALLY IN MANNERS WHICH WE WILL TERM ‘STRATEGIC CYBERBULLYING’. CYBERBULLYING IS OFTEN DISCUSSED AS A PHENOMENON THAT ARISES AMONG CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE, YET WE SUGGEST THAT BORROWING AN ANALYTIC LENS FROM CYBERBULLYING RESEARCH ALLOWS US TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THE DYNAMICS OF TRUMP’S USE OF TWITTER FOR POLITICAL MOBILISATION. THROUGH A CATEGORICAL MAPPING OF THE NEW YORK TIMES ARCHIVE, WE SHOW HOW POLITICAL OPPONENTS ARE DISCREDITED STRATEGICALLY AND A NEW KIND OF POLITICAL TERRITORY IS ESTABLISHED THROUGH AN AFFECTIVE CIRCULATION OF INTERFACIAL REFRAINS THROUGH TWITTER. THESE REFRAINS TRAVEL BETWEEN ON- AND OFFLINE CONTEXTS TO EXTEND THE REACH OF THE CAMPAIGN THROUGH ESTABLISHING A NEW FORM OF WE-NESS THAT INCLUDES AND EXCLUDES COMMUNITIES. WE SHOW HOW THIS WE-NESS IN TRUMP’S AFFECTIVE POLITICS IS SHAPED (ALSO) BY THE TWITTER INTERFACE AND HOLDS THE POTENTIAL TO ALTER THE DEMOCRATIC PUBLIC AND THE THRESHOLDS FOR DEMOCRATIC PARTICIPATION.