@article{d088a760da0211deb0f9000ea68e967b,
title = "Real-time Game Adaptation for Optimizing Player Satisfaction",
abstract = "A methodology for optimizing player satisfaction in games on the {"}playware{"} physical interactive platform is demonstrated in this paper. Previously constructed artificial neural network user models, reported in the literature, map individual playing characteristics to reported entertainment preferences for augmented-reality game players. An adaptive mechanism then adjusts controllable game parameters in real time in order to improve the entertainment value of the game for the player. The basic approach presented here applies gradient ascent to the user model to suggest the direction of parameter adjustment that leads toward games of higher entertainment value. A simple rule set exploits the derivative information to adjust specific game parameters to augment the entertainment value. Those adjustments take place frequently during the game with interadjustment intervals that maintain the user model's accuracy. Performance of the adaptation mechanism is evaluated using a game survey experiment. Results indicate the efficacy and robustness of the mechanism in adapting the game according to a user's individual playing features and enhancing the gameplay experience. The limitations and the use of the methodology as an effective adaptive mechanism for entertainment capture and augmentation are discussed.",
keywords = "Augmented-reality games, gradient ascent, neuro-evolution, player satisfaction, real-time adaptation, user modeling",
author = "Yannakakis, {Georgios N.} and John Hallam",
year = "2009",
doi = "10.1109/TCIAIG.2009.2024533",
language = "English",
volume = "1",
pages = "121--133",
journal = "IEEE Transactions on Computational Intelligence and Games",
issn = "1943-0698",
publisher = "institute of electrical and electronics engineers (ieee)",
number = "2",
}